What the standard says
Changes of context are initiated only by user request or a mechanism is available to turn off such changes.
Where this one sits
This is a Level AAA criterion. Level AAA is not required by the European Accessibility Act or EN 301 549, and W3C itself does not recommend it as a site-wide target — so we have kept our commentary to the A and AA set rather than padding out pages we cannot improve on.
How A11ySignal checks it
1 automated check runs against this criterion on every scan.
minormeta-refresh-no-exceptionsDelayed refresh must not be used